BSE info.

Intensity & Quantity of Solar Energy Open Dismiss You can find below some useful information about PV system. Irradiance : Intensity of Solar energy kW/m2 (Power per unit area) Insolation : Quantity of Solar energy kWh/m2 (Energy per unit area) The general formula to estimate the electricity energy generated in output of PV plant is : E = A x Y x G Where: E = Energy [kWh/period] A = Effective Area of PV Module [m2] Y = Solar panel yield [%] G = Solar insolation per square metre on tilted panels in a period [kWh/m2] The efficiency η ( 1 – overall system loss) of a PV module is defined as the power produced by the module under specified conditions, divided by the power of radiation incident upon it. If the radiation is given as irradiance, then the efficiency is: η = 1 – System Loss = Po /(Ip x A) where: η= Efficiency of the PV module under specified conditions [%] Po = Power output of the PV module under specified conditions [kW] Ip = Irradiation at

Type of PV (Defference) - Advantages/Disadvantages Polycrystalline (多晶矽) Pros - Cheaper in term of cost - More option of product available in market Cons - Low efficiency - Big plant space required Monocrystalline (單晶矽) Pros - Higher efficiency (The average efficiency of monocrystalline modules is about 14% and 20% modules are available at a premium, whereas the typical efficiency of polycrystalline modules is about 13%.) - Suitable for limited space condition - Consist of single type of crystal slice Cons - Expensive / high cost - Limited brand available in market PV Hybrid with battery (PV混合電池) Pros - Reduce waste energy production - Storage of generated energy, allow fully usage of energy - More readily for the system to meet the peak demand Cons - High maintenance cost - Higher initial cost - More complicated control shall be designed Building-integrated photovoltaics (BiPV) Building-integrated photovoltaics (BiPV) could be a solution to overcome t